Lisboa

Lisboa

Lisbon (; Portuguese: Lisboa [liʒˈβoɐ] ) is the capital and largest city of Portugal, with an estimated population of 548,703 within its administrative limits in an area of 100.05 km2.About 2.9 million people live in the Lisbon metropolitan area, which extends beyond the city's administrative area, making it the third largest metropolitan area in the Iberian Peninsula, after Madrid and Barcelona as well as the 11th-most populous urban area in the European Union. It represents approximately 27.7% of the country's population. Lisbon is mainland Europe's westernmost capital city (second overall after Reykjavik) and the only one along the Atlantic coast, the others (Reykjavik and Dublin) being islands. The city lies in the western portion of the Iberian Peninsula on River Tagus. The westernmost portions of its metro area, the Portuguese Riviera, hosts the westernmost point of Continental Europe, culminating at Cabo da Roca. Lisbon is recognised as an alpha-level global city because of its importance in finance, commerce, fashion, media, entertainment, arts, international trade, education and tourism. Lisbon is amongst the two Portuguese cities to be recognised as a global city and it is also home to three companies in the Global 2000 (EDP Group, Galp Energia and Jerónimo Martins).Lisbon is one of the major economic centres in Europe, with a growing financial sector, with PSI-20 being part of Euronext, the largest center for debt and funds listings in the world. The city is also served by one of the largest container ports on Europe's Atlantic coast as well as the second largest in Portugal after the port of Sines. The Lisbon port also serves as a major hub for cruise ships, involving around 500,000 people in cruise-related activities in the city every year.Additionally, the Humberto Delgado Airport is located within the city's limits. It served approximately 28.4 million passengers in 2022, being the busiest airport in Portugal, the fourth busiest in the Iberian Peninsula and the 14th busiest in Europe.The motorway network and the high-speed rail system of Alfa Pendular link the main cities of Portugal to Lisbon. Out of the forty-seven highways in Portugal, eight pass through Lisbon proper. There are also maritime connections with nearby cities such as Almada and, in addition, the city is served by extensive bus and metro systems. Within the city's limits only there are 17 train stations: while the majority is intended for intercity transport, a significant portion also connects with the rest of the country and Spain.The Lisbon region has a higher GDP PPP per capita than any other region in Portugal. Its GDP amounts to US$110.3 billion and thus $39,434 per capita. The city occupies the 40th place of highest gross earnings in the world and, with almost 21,000 millionaires, is the 11th European city by number of millionaires.Most of the headquarters of multinational corporations in Portugal are located in the Lisbon area. It is also the political centre of the country, as its seat of government, National Assembly, Supreme Court of Justice, Armed Forces and residence of the head of state. It is also the centre of Portuguese diplomacy, with ambassadors from 86 countries residing in the city.Lisbon is one of the oldest cities in the world and the second-oldest European capital city (after Athens), predating other modern European capitals by centuries.Established by Pre-Celtic tribes before and later Phoenicians, Julius Caesar made it a municipium called Felicitas Julia, adding the term to the name Olissipo. After the fall of the Roman Empire it was ruled by a series of Germanic tribes from the 5th century, most notably the Visigoths. Later it was captured by the Moors in the 8th century. In 1147 Afonso Henriques conquered the city and in 1255 became Portugal's capital, replacing Coimbra. It has since been the political, economic and cultural centre of the country.

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